王徽:法学博士,华东政法大学研教院;瑞典斯德哥尔摩大学法学硕士(国际商事仲裁)。主要研究方向:国际商事仲裁。
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本文受国家社科基金重大项目“法治引领推动自贸试验区建设的难点与路径研究”(14ZDC016)的资助;本文同时受华东政法大学优秀博士学位论文培育项目“国际商事仲裁‘软法’研究”(2017-1-004)的资助。
国际商事仲裁证据“软法”是指由国际组织、仲裁行业组织、仲裁机构等非国家主体制定的,旨在调整国际商事仲裁证据事宜,自身虽不具有外部强制力保障,但却具有某种规范性的文本。由于仲裁证据“软法”响应了实践需求并填补了制度空缺,协调了两大法系在仲裁证据领域的差异,并契合了仲裁的核心价值与特质,它们在国际仲裁界享有广泛的影响力。但将我国国际商事仲裁证据制度的症结全然归结于《仲裁法》的观点值得商榷。一方面,仲裁证据制度的升级并不以“硬法”的完善为必须。另一方面,目前已有域内外仲裁证据“软法”可供使用。我国当前仲裁证据制度的症结在于部分仲裁人士的理念和实践做法尚未与国际接轨,以及我国仲裁规则缺乏对仲裁庭证据裁量权的积极引导。本文呼吁切实提高仲裁主体运用国际商事仲裁证据“软法”的能力,并在仲裁规则中增设涉外仲裁证据规定。
International commercial arbitration evidential “soft laws” refer to those norms that are enacted by non-state actors, including international organization, arbitration institutions and industry organizations. Unlike state legislation and international treaty, the enforcement and application of arbitration evidential “soft laws” are based on party autonomy and tribunal’s discretion. Since the arbitration evidential “soft laws” fill the gap left by legislation and arbitration rules, harmonize the difference between the civil law jurisdiction and the common law jurisdiction and reflect the core value and features of the arbitration system, they have gained great influence among the international arbitration community. The cruxes of China’s international commercial arbitration evidence system should not be wholly attributed to the 1995 Chinese Arbitration Law. Law modification is not the only path for perfecting the arbitration evidence system. Instead, the arbitration evidential “soft laws” can also serve the purpose. The real cruxes are that some arbitration practitioners are unfamiliar with arbitration evidential “soft laws” and arbitration rules fail to guide the arbitral tribunal’s discretion power. Hence, it is suggested to improve the understanding of arbitration evidential “soft laws” and introduce separate arbitration evidential provisions in the arbitration rules when it deals with foreign-related arbitration.
王徽.论我国国际商事仲裁证据制度的症结及完善——以国际商事仲裁证据“软法”为切入点*[J].上海对外经贸大学学报,2018,(4):48-58.
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