The report delivered at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China promotes the establishing of the free trade ports in China, which declares the importance of the reform of the legal system. The ad hoc arbitration system, which tallies with the appeals of flexibility, diversity, autonomy and convenience of the settlement of disputes, appears in this context. The ad hoc arbitration is an exotic concept with a long history abroad providing a reference for the pilot free trade zones. According to this, the Ad Hoc Arbitration Rules of Hengqin Pilot Free Trade Zone takes the lead of introducing the ad hoc arbitration and provides the reference for the free ports. Also, the Opinions on Establishing the "One Belt, One Road" International Business Dispute Settlement Mechanism and Institution provided the reference to how to keep it running smoothly. Even so, there will be quite a few challenges. Firstly, the legislative forms are supposed to be adapted to the definition of the free trade ports as the “special economic function districts”. Secondly, it will affect the ad hoc arbitration system if the arbitral institutions and judicial organs go beyond the limit. Thirdly, there may be a lack of the high-quality arbitrators. As a result, a special legislative mandate as the pilot free trade zones is appropriate for the free trade ports. Also, we can make the institutions and organs “servants” and set up the Visa-free and supervisory mechanism to ensure that the dispute settlement mechanism runs smoothly.