On the basis of summing up the multilateral mode of negotiation of the current WTO rules, this papercompares the closed plurilateral mode and the open plurilateral mode in the modernization reform of WTO. Onthe premise of retaining the multilateral consensus mechanism of W Tо, and proceeding from efficiency andpragmatism, WTO members should gradually expand the adoption of open plurilateral negotiation mode, pilot-using in electronic commerce agreement negotiation, and form a form of coexistence and compatibility betweenmultilateral mode and plurilateral mode in WTO system. Finally, WTO members should promote the return ofWTO to multilateral negotiation mode through a critical mass WTO members of open Plurilateral mode.