李?磊:上海对外经贸大学法学院副教授,硕士生导师,法学博士。研究方向:民商法。
D923.7
网络服务提供商是获取和保有个人信息的最重要主体之一。《民法总则》第111条对其设定了对个人信息的安全保障义务,包括一般性义务和阶段性义务。义务内容可结合对相应法律法规的解释得出。网络服务提供商违反该义务应承担侵权责任。在司法适用中,需明确过错的认定和赔偿责任承担方式。违反安全保障义务是“过错”的事实构成,具体构成要件应包括危险开启、必要性和可期待性。“过错”的司法认定可依次考虑成文法规范、行业通行准则、同样错误再犯和公共政策一般原则加以确定。在责任承担方面,对比“通知—删除”模式和“相应的补充责任”模式,前者虽为侵权法中的网络侵权条款,但并不适合违反安保义务的模式,后者更适合。
Article 111 of China’s“Civil Law”, which presents a new legislative approach to personal information protection, requires that acquirer and keeper of the personal information, such as Internet Service Provider (ISP), should bear the duty of security protection. The duty above includes two parts: general duty and period duty. And the context of the duties can be found in other related laws and regulations. It’s difficult to find the faults and reasons. Theoretically, the breach of the duty of security protection leads to fault. In terms of way of accountability, determination of fault should be made by statutes, guidelines, and so on. There are two types of responsibilities in the Chinese civil law. One is notification-delete model, the other is supplementary model. And supplementary responsibility should be adopted in these cases.
李磊.网络服务提供商泄露个人信息侵权责任问题研究[J].上海对外经贸大学学报,2019,(5):62-72.
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