The task of accelerating the modernization of the national governance system and capacity requiresthat the connotation of the state -market relationship be clarified as soon as possible. Research analysis of thisarticle is based on a systematic review of related theories of national governance in economics, comparativepolitical economics, and other disciplines. This article starts from the social construction attributes of economicsociology and economic system, and sorts out the theoretical evolution of economic sociology organizationsystem school and historical institution school about national economic governance. The research reveals theessential characteristics of the simultaneous development and mutual construction of the country constructionand market construction in the developing countries.