Since the 1990s, states, such as the United States and the members of the European Union, have applied the conservation measures in their domestic laws out of the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, and the exclusive economic zone. In this context, the principle of exclusive jurisdiction of flag states on the high seas has been impacted in the field of fisheries. Domestic conservation measures may have extraterritorial effect in accordance with customary international law or international treaties, and may be enforced extraterritorially through administrative enforcement and judicial measures. China is a strong country on the high seas fishing, and the extraterritorial application of conservation measures by other states will seriously affect the upgrading process of China's high seas fishery industry. Clarifying the legal boundaries of the country's extraterritorial application of domestic conservation measures, rejecting the abuse of extraterritorial application, and using international law and the domestic law of the extraterritorial applicable country to provide relief to Chinese fishing vessels under foreign jurisdiction are vital to the long-term stable development of China’s fishery industry.