“Theories on the production of the space” of the new Marxist urban school, which originates from the late 1960s, deal with the issues on the urban space differentiation led by the political-economic crisis and the structural social disintegration of the Capitalism, as the mainstream location theory and the empirical geography lose the explanatory power of the real world, these theories attempt to analyze the urban issues of the capitalist countries within the social-spatial paradigm led by the capital logic. The theory group include the theory on the social space production stressing the fixed capital investment by Henri Lefebvre, the theory on the built environment production focused on the temporal-spatial fi x of the capital by David Harvey, and the theory on the geographical space production clued by the seesaw movement of the capital. The paper offers a comparative critique of the theories on the production of the space by the new Marxist urban school, and attempts to provide a few theoretical elements for promoting the high-quality development of the nation’s new urbanization in China during the 14th fi ve-year plan period. These elements include: to promote the key cities driven by innovation, to coordinate the layout of new urbanization by interconnecting spatial practice throughout all geographical scales, and to build the new type of city led by the need of people.