李佳:吉林大学法学院博士研究生。研究方向:国际法。
D996/DF96
由于《民法典》未承袭《民法总则》第 142 条关于国际条约适用的规定,导致在涉外商事审判中,对 CISG 的适用出现了法律依据上的空白,致使 CISG 在国内司法实践中存在不确定性,引致涉外商事审判准据法选用的不统一。但是, “条约必须遵守”的国际法原则要求在符合条件的前提下对 CISG 进行优先适用。法院判决的承认和执行效果的提升也需要正确适用 CISG。此外,我国立法沿革对 CISG 的优先适用有明确要求。为完善我国涉外商事审判的法律适用程序,建议一方面通过国际私法立法及司法解释的方式明确 CISG 在我国涉外商事领域的优先适用原则,另一方面可通过指导性案例的形式对 CISG 的适用程序步骤予以明晰,以定期业务培训的方式提升法官涉外审判业务能力,减少法官在审判中对 CISG 援引适用的不确定性,增强涉外商事审判中法律适用的统一性。
The Civil Code does not inherit the provisions of Article 142 of the General Provisions of Civil Law on the application of international treaties, resulting in the legal basis of the application of CISG in foreign commercial trials. After investigating the application of CISG after the implementation of the Civil Code, this paper finds that there are situations in judicial practice where CISG is not wanted or dare not be used, leading to the inconsistency in the selection of applicable laws for foreign-related commercial trials. However, the international law principle of “treaties must be complied with” requires that CISG should be applied preferentially if the conditions are met. The recognition of foreign court decisions and the improvement of its enforcement effect also need the correct application of CISG. In addition, there are clear requirements on the priority application of CISG in Chinese legislative evolution. In order to perfect the legal application procedure of our foreign-related commercial trials, for the one part, the preferential application rules of CISG in Chinese foreign-related civil and commercial trials can be clarified by means of legislation and judicial interpretation of international private law; for the other part, the application procedure steps of CISG can be clarified in the form of guiding cases, and the professional ability of judges in foreign-related trials can be improved by regular professional training, so as to reduce the uncertainty of judges in the application of CISG and enhance the uniformity of law application in foreign-related commercial trials.
李佳.《民法典》背景下《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》的司法适用研究[J].上海对外经贸大学学报,2023,(3):76-87.
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