High-quality factor input and its optimal allocation are the micro basis for manufacturing industry to achieve high-quality development. Through the dual role of cultivation and introduction, the “double cycle” improves the level and level of manufacturing factor input, and promotes the high-quality development of manufacturing industry in realizing its optimal confi guration. Guided by this theoretical analysis, on the basis of scientifi cally constructing and measuring the high-quality development of manufacturing industry and the “double cycle” index, the quantitative test conducted by using the panel data of China’s manufacturing industry from 2009 to 2021 shows that, first, the internal cycle, the external cycle and their mutual promotion have indeed played a signifi cant role in promoting the high-quality development of China’s manufacturing industry. This conclusion is still valid under various robustness tests and endogeneity tests. Second, according to the technical level test found that the “double cycle” has a better effect on the high-quality development of high-tech industries. Third, from the specifi c mechanism of action, the accumulation of human capital, the improvement of technological innovation ability and the improvement of resource allocation efficiency are the internal mechanism of the “double cycle” to promote the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry. Fourth, the economic factors characterized by the industry market size play a positive regulating role in the “double cycle” to promote the high-quality development of manufacturing industry. The theoretical hypothesis has been tested by logical consistency measurement. In the future, it is urgent to accelerate the construction and formation of a new dual-cycle development pattern, and further consolidate the foundation of micro-elements for the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry.