Based on data matched from the Cathay Pacifi c Database and the China Customs Import and Export Database spanning the years 2001 to 2016, this study investigates the infl uence of fi rms’ digital transformation on the switch of export product categories. The fi ndings reveal that fi rms’ digital transformation signifi cantly contributes to the switching of export products through three key mechanisms: cost reduction, promotion of innovation, and optimization of resource allocation. This result remains robust even after testing for endogeneity using various measurement methods and instrumental variables. Heterogeneity analysis uncovers diff erences in regional, industrial, and market diversifi cation degrees in the impact of enterprise digital transformation on export product conversion. Notably, there are substantial positive eff ects on enterprises located in the eastern and central regions of China, as well as those in primary and secondary industries. Enterprises with diff erent degrees of market diversifi cation exhibit features of “promotion at both ends and suppression in the middle”. Further exploration into the direction of export product switching reveals a predominant shift from products with a medium technology level to those with lower or higher technology levels. Consequently, this paper advocates for governmental agencies to enhance the digitalization policy framework and foster the development of digital infrastructure in the central and western regions. Moreover, it suggests that enterprises, based on their specifi c circumstances, should elucidate their development goals, leverage relevant policy support, and comprehensively drive digital transformation to facilitate the eff ective conversion of export products.