Evaluating the development level of China’s new quality productivity, exploring regional diff erences and spatial and temporal characteristics, and identifying the driving factors are of great practical signifi cance for realizing the development of China’s new quality productivity according to local conditions. Based on the panel data of 30 provincial-level regions in China from 2012 to 2022, this paper constructs an evaluation index system from the dimensions of the three dimensions of productivity: technologization, greening, and digitization, and applies the entropy method, the Dagum Gini coeffi cient and decomposition, the standard deviation ellipse, and the geographic detector to analyze the regional differences in the level of development of China’s newquality productivity, the dynamic evolution of its distribution, and the identifi cation of its driving factors. The study found that: (1) From the point of view of development level, the overall development level of China’s new quality productivity is on a slow upward trend, and the regional development shows the development pattern of East＞Central＞Northeast＞West. (2) From the point of view of regional diff erences, the overall diff erence in the development level of China’s new quality productivity is slowly expanding, and inter-regional diff erences are the main source of the overall differences. (3) In terms of spatial and temporal evolution, the multipolarization of China’s new quality productivity is gradually decreasing, the spatial distribution shows a general outward expansion, the spatial agglomeration trend has weakened, and the migration of the center of gravity shows a tendency to move toward the southeast. (4) From the identifi cation of driving factors, the infl uence of government support, regional economic development level, and residents’ consumption level of digital services is stronger than that of other driving factors, and the interaction between the regional economic development level and government support and other factors is the key to promoting the development of China’s new quality productivity.