Against the backdrop of profound changes in the global economic landscape, the WTO, as a pillar of the multilateral trading order, is facing dual pressures from both internal and external sources: fi rstly, the cumulative failure of internal mechanisms exacerbates the deepening contradictions; secondly, uncertainty in the external environment leads to the ineff ectiveness of traditional governance models. Therefore, systematic reform of the WTO will become an inevitable choice to improve the global trade governance system. This article will discuss the internal logic of institutional openness driving WTO reform from multiple perspectives, including historical compatibility, theoretical feasibility, and practical necessity. Based on the current realities and challenges of institutional openness in advancing the scope, depth, and eff ectiveness of WTO reform, it will explore the practical pathways for institutional openness to promote WTO reform, participating in WTO-related issues with a more proactive attitude and pushing the WTO towards effi cient coordination and inclusive reform.